Introduction#
Using GitHub Actions to run Python FTP scripts on a schedule to achieve backups between Upyun Cloud Storage and GitHub repositories.
Repository example: https://github.com/mycpen/image_bed/tree/main/.github
Personal Example#
1. Add Workflow YML File#
Copy my YML example below; or follow this article, choose your desired workflow template, and then customize the content (Actions => New workflow = Choose a workflow).
My file path is .github/workflows/python-app.yml, and the content is as follows:
# This workflow will install Python dependencies, run tests and lint with a single version of Python
# For more information see: https://docs.github.com/en/actions/automating-builds-and-tests/building-and-testing-python
name: Python application
on:
  schedule:
    - cron: "0 17 * * 5" # Saturday 1:00 AM
  workflow_dispatch:
jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
    - uses: szenius/set-timezone@v1.0 # Set the timezone of the execution environment
      with:
        timezoneLinux: "Asia/Shanghai"
    - name: Set up Python 3.10
      uses: actions/setup-python@v3
      with:
        python-version: "3.10"
    - name: Run sync script
      env:
          UPYUNUSERNAME: ${{ secrets.UPYUNUSERNAME }}
          UPYUNPASSWORD: ${{ secrets.UPYUNPASSWORD }}
      run: |
        git config --global user.name ${{ secrets.GITHUBUSERNAME }}
        git config --global user.email ${{ secrets.GITHUBEMAIL }}
        python .github/ftp.py
        bash git.sh
Parameter explanation:
- 
cron: Defines the schedule for the workflow (with a delay), in Greenwich Mean Time (UTC). To convert to Beijing time, add 8 hours. Refer to: Cron format and settings in Actions, Handling timezone and caching issues in Actions - 
UPYUNUSERNAME,UPYUNPASSWORD,GITHUBUSERNAME,GITHUBEMAILare custom Secrets constants.Constant Name Explanation UPYUNUSERNAME Upyun FTP username, format "Operator Name/Service Name", refer to Upyun Video Tutorial, Upyun Documentation UPYUNPASSWORD Upyun FTP password, refer to the above GITHUBUSERNAME GitHub account, e.g., mycpen GITHUBEMAIL Main email associated with the GitHub account  - 
ftp.py: Python script that synchronizes the file contents of the cloud storage and the repository using FTP. - 
git.sh: A script that pushes local changes to the remote, including commands like git add, git commit, git push. 
2. Add Secrets Constants#
Add 4 Secrets constants: UPYUNUSERNAME, UPYUNPASSWORD, GITHUBUSERNAME, GITHUBEMAIL, with the same meanings as above.
3. Grant Workflow Read and Write Permissions#
Refer to: https://blog.csdn.net/jj89929665/article/details/129817011
4. Create Python Sync Script#
The script content is from: Python FTP Upload and Download Functionality.
The if statement at the end of the script declares the relevant paths and parameters.
My script path is .github/ftp.py, which synchronizes the repository's image/ directory with the Upyun cloud storage /image/ directory, and the content is as follows:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
from cmath import log
from ftplib import FTP
import os
import sys
import time
import socket
import subprocess
class MyFTP:
    """
        FTP automatic download and upload script, can operate recursively on directories
        Author: Ouyang Peng
        Blog address: http://blog.csdn.net/ouyang_peng/article/details/79271113
    """
    def __init__(self, host, port=21):
        """ Initialize FTP client
        Parameters:
                 host: IP address
                 port: Port number
        """
        # print("__init__()---> host = %s ,port = %s" % (host, port))
        self.host = host
        self.port = port
        self.ftp = FTP()
        # Reset encoding method
        #self.ftp.encoding = 'gbk'
        self.ftp.encoding = 'utf8'
        # Get script path
        path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
        # self.log_file = open(path + "/log.txt", "a", encoding='utf-8')
        self.file_list = []
    def login(self, username, password):
        """ Initialize FTP client
            Parameters:
                  username: Username
                  password: Password
            """
        try:
            timeout = 60
            socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)
            # 0 active mode 1 passive mode
            self.ftp.set_pasv(True)
            # Open debug level 2 to show detailed information
            # self.ftp.set_debuglevel(2)
            self.debug_print('Starting to connect to %s' % self.host)
            self.ftp.connect(self.host, self.port)
            self.debug_print('Successfully connected to %s' % self.host)
            self.debug_print('Starting to log in to %s' % self.host)
            self.ftp.login(username, password)
            self.debug_print('Successfully logged in to %s' % self.host)
            self.debug_print(self.ftp.welcome)
        except Exception as err:
            self.deal_error("FTP connection or login failed, error description: %s" % err)
            pass
    def is_same_size(self, local_file, remote_file):
        """ Check if the sizes of the remote file and local file are the same
           Parameters:
             local_file: Local file
             remote_file: Remote file
        """
        try:
            remote_file_size = self.ftp.size(remote_file)
        except Exception as err:
            # self.debug_print("is_same_size() error description: %s" % err)
            remote_file_size = -1
        try:
            local_file_size = os.path.getsize(local_file)
        except Exception as err:
            # self.debug_print("is_same_size() error description: %s" % err)
            local_file_size = -1
        self.debug_print('local_file_size:%d  , remote_file_size:%d' % (local_file_size, remote_file_size))
        if remote_file_size == local_file_size:
            return 1
        else:
            return 0
    def download_file(self, local_file, remote_file):
        """ Download file from FTP
            Parameters:
                local_file: Local file
                remote_file: Remote file
        """
        self.debug_print("download_file()---> local_path = %s ,remote_path = %s" % (local_file, remote_file))
        if self.is_same_size(local_file, remote_file):
            self.debug_print('%s file sizes are the same, no need to download' % local_file)
            return
        else:
            try:
                self.debug_print('>>>>>>>>>>>> Downloading file %s ... ...' % local_file)
                buf_size = 1024
                file_handler = open(local_file, 'wb')
                self.ftp.retrbinary('RETR %s' % remote_file, file_handler.write, buf_size)
                file_handler.close()
            except Exception as err:
                self.debug_print('Error downloading file, exception: %s ' % err)
                return
    def download_file_tree(self, local_path, remote_path):
        """ Download multiple files from a remote directory to a local directory
                       Parameters:
                         local_path: Local path
                         remote_path: Remote path
                """
        print("download_file_tree()--->  local_path = %s ,remote_path = %s" % (local_path, remote_path))
        try:
            self.ftp.cwd(remote_path)
        except Exception as err:
            self.debug_print('Remote directory %s does not exist, continuing...' % remote_path + " ,specific error description: %s" % err)
            return
        if not os.path.isdir(local_path):
            self.debug_print('Local directory %s does not exist, creating local directory' % local_path)
            os.makedirs(local_path)
        self.debug_print('Switched to directory: %s' % self.ftp.pwd())
        self.file_list = []
        # Method callback
        self.ftp.dir(self.get_file_list)
        remote_names = self.file_list
        self.debug_print('Remote directory list: %s' % remote_names)
        for item in remote_names:
            file_type = item[0]
            file_name = item[1]
            local = os.path.join(local_path, file_name)
            if file_type == 'd':
                print("download_file_tree()---> Downloading directory: %s" % file_name)
                self.download_file_tree(local, file_name)
            elif file_type == '-':
                print("download_file()---> Downloading file: %s" % file_name)
                self.download_file(local, file_name)
        self.ftp.cwd("..")
        self.debug_print('Returned to upper directory %s' % self.ftp.pwd())
        return True
    def upload_file(self, local_file, remote_file):
        """ Upload file from local to FTP
           Parameters:
             local_path: Local file
             remote_path: Remote file
        """
        if not os.path.isfile(local_file):
            self.debug_print('%s does not exist' % local_file)
            return
        if self.is_same_size(local_file, remote_file):
            self.debug_print('Skipping equal file: %s' % local_file)
            return
        buf_size = 1024
        file_handler = open(local_file, 'rb')
        self.ftp.storbinary('STOR %s' % remote_file, file_handler, buf_size)
        file_handler.close()
        self.debug_print('Uploaded: %s' % local_file + " successfully!")
    def upload_file_tree(self, local_path, remote_path):
        """ Upload multiple files from a local directory to FTP
           Parameters:
             local_path: Local path
             remote_path: Remote path
        """
        if not os.path.isdir(local_path):
            self.debug_print('Local directory %s does not exist' % local_path)
            return
        self.ftp.cwd(remote_path)
        self.debug_print('Switched to remote directory: %s' % self.ftp.pwd())
        local_name_list = os.listdir(local_path)
        for local_name in local_name_list:
            src = os.path.join(local_path, local_name)
            if os.path.isdir(src):
                try:
                    self.ftp.mkd(local_name)
                except Exception as err:
                    self.debug_print("Directory already exists %s ,specific error description: %s" % (local_name, err))
                self.debug_print("upload_file_tree()---> Uploading directory: %s" % local_name)
                self.upload_file_tree(src, local_name)
            else:
                self.debug_print("upload_file_tree()---> Uploading file: %s" % local_name)
                self.upload_file(src, local_name)
        self.ftp.cwd("..")
    def close(self):
        """ Exit FTP
        """
        self.debug_print("close()---> Exiting FTP")
        self.ftp.quit()
        # self.log_file.close()
    def debug_print(self, s):
        """ Print log
        """
        self.write_log(s)
    def deal_error(self, e):
        """ Handle error exceptions
            Parameters:
                e: Exception
        """
        log_str = 'An error occurred: %s' % e
        self.write_log(log_str)
        sys.exit()
    def write_log(self, log_str):
        """ Record log
            Parameters:
                log_str: Log
        """
        time_now = time.localtime()
        date_now = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time_now)
        format_log_str = "%s ---> %s \n " % (date_now, log_str)
        print(format_log_str)
        # self.log_file.write(format_log_str)
    def get_file_list(self, line):
        """ Get file list
            Parameters:
                line:
        """
        file_arr = self.get_file_name(line)
        # Remove . and ..
        if file_arr[1] not in ['.', '..']:
            self.file_list.append(file_arr)
    def get_file_name(self, line):
        """ Get file name
            Parameters:
                line:
        """
        pos = line.rfind(':')
        while (line[pos] != ' '):
            pos += 1
        while (line[pos] == ' '):
            pos += 1
        file_arr = [line[0], line[pos:]]
        return file_arr
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Clear logs
    path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))      # Script path
    # if os.path.exists(path + '/log.txt'):
    #     log_file = path + '/log.txt 'if os.sep == "/" else path + '\\' + 'log.txt'
    #     subprocess.Popen(f'rm -rf {log_file}', shell=True)
    #     time.sleep(1)
    # Get Actions Secrets constants
    upyunUsername = os.environ["UPYUNUSERNAME"]
    upyunPassword = os.environ["UPYUNPASSWORD"]
    my_ftp = MyFTP("v0.ftp.upyun.com")
    my_ftp.login(upyunUsername, upyunPassword)
    # Download directory
    # Upyun cloud storage → Local image/
    if os.sep == "\\":      # Windows
        pass
    elif os.sep == "/":     # Unix
        my_ftp.download_file_tree("image/", "/image/")  # image/ repository directory; /image/ Upyun cloud storage directory
    # Upload directory
    # Local image/ → Upyun cloud storage
    if os.sep == "\\":
        pass
    elif os.sep == "/":
        my_ftp.upload_file_tree("image/", "/image/")  # image/ repository directory; /image/ Upyun cloud storage directory
        my_ftp.close()
5. git.sh Push Changes#
I personally prefer to write the push command in a file and place it in the root directory of the repository.
#!/usr/bin/bash
# Sync remote to local
git pull
# Push changes
git add .
git commit -m "$(date +'%Y/%m/%d')"
git push
Reference Articles#
- * Python script to get repository secrets in GitHub Actions
 - * Create scheduled tasks using GitHub repositories for regular sign-ins and other services
 - * FTP upload and download functionality implemented in Python
 - * Fully automated deployment using GitHub Action
 - * Upyun: How to upload files using FTP and API
 - * Upyun: Create storage service and upload using FTP
 - * Cron format and settings in GitHub/Gitlab Actions
 - * Running Python scheduled tasks in GitHub Actions (handling timezone and caching issues)
 - * Unable to access ‘https://github.com/x/‘: The requested URL returned error: 403 when running GitHub Actions
 - * workflow_dispatch
 - Using GitHub Actions for scheduled tasks
 - Automatically pushing changes with GitHub+Action
 - Automated packaging and deployment based on GitHub Action services
 - Scheduled tasks based on GITHUB ACTION, truly fragrant!
 - Scheduled execution of code in GitHub Actions: Daily scheduled Baidu link push